Constructive systems are methods of arranging constructive elements that achieve load bearing and transfer as well as stability.
In relation to the method of load transfer we distinguish the following constructive systems:
1, full bearing wall system (the wall system takes the load of ceiling structures and movable loads and transfers the total load through foundation strips to the foundation soil.
Most common construction material: brick and reinforced concrete.
a) longitudinal bearing walls – walls are parallel to the longer side of the span ranging from 3.5 to 6 m
b) transverse bearing walls – walls are perpendicular to the longer side of the span up to 6 m
c) combined bearing wall system is the simultaneous use of longitudinal and transverse full bearing wall systems
2. skeletal (frame) system (system of properly arranged vertical columns and horizontal beams; beams take the loads of ceilings and movable loads and transfer them to the columns, which further transfer them to the foundation footings and foundation soil. Most common construction material: reinforced concrete, steel)
- linear frame and arch system all external and internal walls have a non‑bearing role
3. spatial or three‑dimensional system - (acts as a single constructive unit, characterized by high strength relative to its weight. Most common construction material is reinforced concrete, and for grids steel is more common)